How to fight against pancreatic cancer, the silent killer that is defying science
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Loading... - Paula Dawson
- 22 Mar 2022
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They call it the “silent killer.” It knows how to hide itself, to evade the ammunition that can be used to neutralize it, and when it finally shows its face, it’s usually too late. Pancreatic cancer is the most lethal of tumors: life expectancy at the time of diagnosis is barely five months, and just 7% of patients survive beyond five years.
In the last 40 years, scientific advances in the field have been irregular, and there have been scant improvements in prognoses and survival rates. It’s a stone in the shoe of researchers, admits Núria Malats, the head of the genetic and molecular epidemiology group at Spain’s CNIO national oncological research center, and who has spent 15 years looking for risk factors.
“Pancreatic cancer kills patients and also the research career of scientists, although this scenario is changing,” she explains. Without early-detection measures and with the majority of diagnoses in advanced stages of the illness, chemotherapy remains the major weapon against a tumor that is still resisting the promising advances in immunotherapy and other targeted therapies.
María Belén Villalonga, 56, knows well that science never sleeps. At a routine health check in October 2019, doctors found a pancreatic tumor and she joined a clinical trial with chemotherapy to reduce the malignancy. After six months of treatment, the tumor shrank and surgery was possible. Surgeons removed three-quarters of her pancreas, but three months after the procedure, a metastasis appeared in her liver, and she had to start all over again.
“I did two immunotherapy trials that lasted two months each, but in my case, they didn’t work,” she explains. “We started chemotherapy, which didn’t work either, and then we moved onto more chemo which is like the first round, and which produced a positive reaction by paralyzing the metastasis,” she explains. A former bank executive, she says she now has a “peaceful” life and only wants to “make the tumor chronic.” She trusts “them,” she says in reference to her doctors, as she looks toward her oncologist Teresa Macarulla.
If the battle between science and pancreatic cancer were a card game, the tumor would have the better hand right from the deal. To start with, the organ is located in an area of the abdomen that is hard to see and access. Nor are there methods for early detection, and nor does the nature of the tumor help, given that it tends to quickly spread to other organs.
Symptoms are often non-specific, and can include yellow skin, weight or appetite loss, stomach problems and back pain. According to the European Gastroenterology Union (UEG), at the time of diagnosis, 80% of patients have incurable tumors and in the remaining 20%, only surgery has the potential for cure, although eight of 10 of these cases will relapse. Read More…
